LC
29 2961
A
BILL TO BE ENTITLED
AN ACT
AN ACT
To
provide for legislative findings; to amend Article 1 of Chapter 10 of Title 17
of the Official Code of Georgia Annotated, relating to procedure for sentencing
and imposition of punishment, so as to repeal certain provisions regarding
sentencing of defendants guilty of crimes involving bias or prejudice,
circumstances, and parole; to repeal certain provisions relating to notification
to seek enhanced penalty; to repeal certain provisions relating to determination
of defendant´s guilt, object of the offense, and enhancement of sentence;
to provide for related matters; to repeal conflicting laws; and for other
purposes.
BE
IT ENACTED BY THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF GEORGIA:
SECTION
1.
The
General Assembly recognizes the Supreme Court of Georgia´s decision in
Botts v.
State, 278 Ga. 538 (2004) which declared
Code Section 17-10-17 unconstitutionally vague, declared it violative of due
process rights guaranteed by the State and Federal Constitutions, and found that
it "impermissibly delegates basic policy matters to policemen, judges, and
juries for resolution on an
ad
hoc and subjective basis, with the
attendant dangers of arbitrary and discriminatory applications." The General
Assembly finds that the State should not interfere with freedom of speech,
thought, and expression, that such matters are constitutionally protected, and
therefore codifying policy on such matters should be repealed. The General
Assembly further finds that encouraging police to treat victims differently
depending on whether they fit into a special status created by statute causes
victims of similar crimes to be treated disparately, a concept repugnant to the
Georgia and United States Constitutions. The General Assembly further finds
that hate crime laws require the State to treat victims of the same crime
differently, solely because the State has decided that one motivation for
committing the crime on a person is more heinous than another, according to a
statute, and since most all crimes are motivated by hate and greed in some way,
a statute calling for increased punishment for certain offenders is unnecessary
and unconstitutional.
SECTION
2.
Article
1 of Chapter 10 of Title 17 of the Official Code of Georgia Annotated, relating
to procedure for sentencing and imposition of punishment, is amended by revising
Code Section 17-10-17, relating to sentencing of defendants guilty of crimes
involving bias or prejudice, circumstances, and parole, as follows:
"17-10-17.
(a)
Subject to the notice requirement provided in Code Section 17-10-18 and in
enhancement of the penalty imposed, if the trier of fact determines beyond a
reasonable doubt that the defendant intentionally selected any victim or any
property of the victim as the object of the offense because of bias or
prejudice, the judge imposing sentence shall:
(1)
If the offense for which the defendant was convicted is a misdemeanor, increase
the sentence and the fine normally imposed by the court through court policy or
voluntary sentencing guidelines by 50 percent up to the maximum authorized by
law;
(2)
If the offense for which the defendant was convicted is a misdemeanor of a high
and aggravated nature, increase the sentence and fine normally imposed by the
court through court policy or voluntary sentencing guidelines by 50 percent up
to the maximum authorized by law; or
(3)
If the offense for which the defendant was convicted is a felony, increase the
sentence normally imposed by the court through court policy or voluntary
sentencing guidelines by up to five years, not to exceed the maximum authorized
by law.
(b)
The judge shall state when the judge imposes the sentence the amount of the
increase of the sentence based on the application of subsection (a) of this Code
section.
(c)
Any person convicted of a felony and given an enhanced sentence under this Code
section shall not be eligible for any form of parole or early release until such
person has served at least 90 percent of the sentence imposed by the sentencing
court.
Reserved."
SECTION
3.
Said
article is further amended by revising Code Section 17-10-18, relating to
notification to seek enhanced penalty, as follows:
"17-10-18.
At
any time after the filing of an indictment or accusation but not later than the
arraignment, the state shall notify the defendant of its intention to seek the
enhanced penalty or penalties authorized by Code Section 17-10-17. The notice
shall be in writing and shall allege the specific factor or factors authorizing
an enhanced sentence in the case pursuant to Code Section
17-10-17.
Reserved."
SECTION
4.
Said
article is further amended by revising Code Section 17-10-19, relating to
determination of defendant´s guilt, object of the offense, and enhancement
of sentence, as follows:
"17-10-19.
(a)
In a case where notice has been given pursuant to Code Section 17-10-18, the
trier of fact shall initially determine the defendant´s guilt on the charge
or charges. If the trier of fact finds the defendant guilty of such charge or
charges, the trial shall immediately be recommenced to receive evidence as is
relevant to determine whether the defendant intentionally selected the victim or
the property of the victim as the object of the offense as set forth in the
notice given pursuant to Code Section 17-10-18.
(b)
If the trier of fact determines beyond a reasonable doubt that the defendant so
acted, the judge shall enhance the sentence imposed in accordance with the
provisions of Code Section 17-10-17.
Reserved."
SECTION
5.
All
laws and parts of laws in conflict with this Act are repealed.
