05 LC 9 1582
Senate
Bill 100
By:
Senators Hamrick of the 30th, Thompson of the 33rd, Johnson of the 1st and Starr
of the 44th
A
BILL TO BE ENTITLED
AN ACT
AN ACT
To
amend Chapter 8 of Title 16 of the Official Code of Georgia Annotated, relating
to offenses involving theft, so as to provide for the "Georgia Residential
Mortgage Fraud Act"; to provide a short title; to provide for definitions; to
define the criminal offense of residential mortgage fraud; to provide for venue;
to provide penalties; to authorize district attorneys and the Attorney General
to investigate and prosecute cases of residential mortgage fraud; to provide for
the forfeiture of real and personal property; to amend Chapter 14 of Title 16 of
the Official Code of Georgia Annotated, the "Georgia RICO (Racketeer Influenced
and Corrupt Organizations) Act," so as to include residential mortgage fraud
within the definition of racketeering activity; to provide for findings and a
statement of purpose; to provide for related matters; to provide an effective
date; to repeal conflicting laws; and for other purposes.
BE
IT ENACTED BY THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF GEORGIA:
SECTION
1.
The
General Assembly finds and declares that fraud involving residential mortgages
is at an all-time high in the United States and in Georgia. Mortgage lending
institutions and borrowers have suffered hundreds of millions of dollars in
losses due to residential mortgage fraud. Homeowners in neighborhoods plagued
by mortgage fraud have witnessed the deterioration of their neighborhoods.
Fraudulently inflated property values in their neighborhoods have resulted in
substantial increases in property taxes. The General Assembly therefore
concludes that for the protection of the general public, and particularly for
the protection of borrowers, homeowners, lending institutions, and the integrity
of the mortgage lending process, the "Georgia Residential Mortgage Fraud Act"
shall be enacted.
SECTION
2.
Chapter
8 of Title 16 of the Official Code of Georgia Annotated, relating to offenses
involving theft, is amended by adding a new Article 5 to read as
follows:
"ARTICLE
5
16-8-100.
This
article shall be known and may be cited as the 'Georgia Residential Mortgage
Fraud Act.'
16-8-101.
(1)
'Mortgage lending process' means the process through which a person seeks or
obtains a residential mortgage loan including, but not limited to, solicitation,
application, or origination, negotiation of terms, third-party provider
services, underwriting, signing and closing, and funding of the loan. Documents
involved in the mortgage lending process include, but are not limited to,
uniform residential loan applications or other loan applications; appraisal
reports: HUD-1 settlement statements; supporting personal documentation for loan
applications such as W-2 forms, verifications of income and employment, bank
statements, tax returns, and payroll stubs; and any required
disclosures.
(2)
'Pattern of residential mortgage fraud' means one or more misstatements,
misrepresentations, or omissions made during the mortgage lending process that
involve two or more residential properties, which have the same or similar
intents, results, accomplices, victims, or methods of commission or otherwise
are interrelated by distinguishing characteristics.
(3)
'Person' means a natural person, corporation, company, limited liability
corporation, partnership, trustee, association, or any other
entity.
(4)
'Residential mortgage loan' means a loan or agreement to extend credit made to a
natural person, which loan is secured by a deed to secure debt, security deed,
mortgage, security interest, deed of trust, or other document representing a
security interest or lien upon any interest in one-to-four family residential
property located in Georgia including the renewal or refinancing of any such
loan.
16-8-102.
A
person commits the offense of residential mortgage fraud when, with the intent
to defraud, such person:
(1)
Knowingly makes any deliberate misstatement, misrepresentation, or omission
during the mortgage lending process with the intention that it be relied on by a
mortgage lender, borrower, or any other party to the mortgage lending
process;
(2)
Knowingly uses or facilitates the use of any deliberate misstatement,
misrepresentation, or omission, knowing the same to contain a misstatement,
misrepresentation, or omission, during the mortgage lending process with the
intention that it be relied on by a mortgage lender, borrower, or any other
party to the mortgage lending process;
(3)
Receives any proceeds or any other funds in connection with a residential
mortgage closing that such person knew or should have known resulted from a
violation of paragraph (1) or (2) of this Code section;
(4)
Conspires or endeavors to violate any of the provisions of paragraph (1), (2),
or (3) of this Code section; or
(5)
Files or causes to be filed with the official registrar of deeds of any county
of this state any document such person knows to contain a deliberate
misstatement, misrepresentation, or omission.
16-8-103.
For
the purpose of venue under this article, any violation of this article shall be
considered to have been committed:
(1)
In the county in which the residential property for which a mortgage loan is
being sought is located;
(2)
In any county in which any act was performed in furtherance of the
violation;
(3)
In any county in which any person alleged to have violated this article had
control or possession of any proceeds of the violation;
(4)
If a closing occurred, in any county in which the closing occurred;
or
(5)
In any county in which a document containing a deliberate misstatement,
misrepresentation, or omission is filed with the official registrar of
deeds.
16-8-104.
District
attorneys and the Attorney General shall have the authority to conduct the
criminal investigation and prosecution of all cases of residential mortgage
fraud under this article or under any other provision of this
title.
16-8-105.
(a)
Any person violating this article shall be guilty of a felony and, upon
conviction, shall be punished by imprisonment for not less than one year nor
more than ten years, by a fine not to exceed $5,000.00, or both.
(b)
If a violation of this article involves engaging or participating in a pattern
of residential mortgage fraud or a conspiracy or endeavor to engage or
participate in a pattern of residential mortgage fraud, said violation shall be
punishable by imprisonment for not less than three years nor more than 20 years,
by a fine not to exceed $100,000.00, or both.
(c)
Each residential property transaction subject to a violation of this article
shall constitute a separate offense and shall not merge with any other crimes
set forth in this title.
16-8-106.
All
real and personal property of every kind used or intended for use in the course
of, derived from, or realized through a violation of this article shall be
subject to forfeiture to the state. Forfeiture shall be had by the same
procedure set forth in Code Section 16-14-7. District attorneys and the
Attorney General may commence forfeiture proceedings under this
article."
SECTION
3.
Chapter
14 of Title 16 of the Official Code of Georgia Annotated, the "Georgia RICO
(Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations) Act," is amended by striking
divisions (9)(A)(xxxvii) and (9)(A)(xxxviii) of Code Section 16-14-3, relating
to definitions of terms relating to racketeering activity, in their entirety and
inserting in lieu thereof the following:
"(xxxvii)
Code Section 33-1-9, relating to insurance fraud;
or
(xxxviii)
Code Section 16-17-2, relating to payday
loans;
or
(xxxix)
Code Section 16-8-102, relating to residential mortgage
fraud."
SECTION
4.
This
Act shall become effective upon its approval by the Governor or upon its
becoming law without such approval.
SECTION
5.
All
laws and parts of laws in conflict with this Act are repealed.