05 LC
33 0562
Senate
Bill 36
By: Senator Jones of the 10th
By: Senator Jones of the 10th
A
BILL TO BE ENTITLED
AN ACT
AN ACT
To
amend Title 9 of the Official Code of Georgia Annotated, relating to civil
practice, so as to enact a new chapter relating to medical malpractice actions;
to provide for applicability; to provide for definitions; to provide for
qualifications of health care providers under the chapter; to provide for proof
of financial responsibility and surcharges by health care providers; to provide
for procedures for the establishment of financial responsibility; to provide for
an annual surcharge on health care providers; to provide for the computation and
collection of an annual surcharge; to provide for the creation of the
patient´s compensation fund; to provide for the payment and processing of
claims for the fund; to provide for the tolling of the applicable statute of
limitations; to provide for the presentation of a claim for medical malpractice
to a medical review panel prior to commencing an action; to provide for
exceptions to the requirement to commence a medical review panel; to provide for
the establishment of medical review panels; to provide for the composition,
procedures, and operation of medical review panels; to provide for a report by a
medical review panel; to provide for health care provider liability based on
breach of contract; to provide for a duty to obtain informed consent; to provide
for form of consent; to provide for exceptions to obtaining informed consent; to
provide for a limitation on the period of liability with relation to malpractice
coverage; to provide for limitations on damages for liability under this
chapter; to provide for payments from the patient´s compensation fund; to
provide for claims in excess of policy limits; to provide for advance payments;
to provide that a patient´s claim is not assignable; to provide for the
creation of the residual malpractice insurance authority; to provide for the
duties and operation of the authority; to provide for a segregated fund for the
authority; to provide for attorney´s fees from the patient´s
compensation fund; to provide for related matters; to provide for related
matters; to provide for a contingent effective date; to repeal conflicting laws;
and for other purposes.
BE
IT ENACTED BY THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF GEORGIA:
SECTION
1.
Title
9 of the Official Code of Georgia Annotated, relating to civil practice, is
amended by adding after Chapter 9 a new Chapter 9A to read as
follows:
"CHAPTER
9A
ARTICLE 1
ARTICLE 1
9_9A_1.
This
chapter shall not apply to an act of malpractice that occurred prior to July 1,
2005.
9_9A_2.
As
used in this chapter, the term:
(1)
'Annual aggregate' means the limitation on a health care provider´s
liability as provided in Code Section 9_9A_10.
(2)
'Authority' refers to the residual malpractice insurance authority established
under Code Section 9_9A_141.
(3)
'Commissioner' means the Commissioner of Insurance.
(4)
'Department' means the Insurance Department.
(5)
'Health care' means an act or treatment performed or furnished, or that should
have been performed or furnished, by a health care provider for, to, or on
behalf of a patient during the patient´s medical care, treatment, or
confinement.
(6)
'Health care provider' means any person licensed under Chapter 9, 11, 26, 30,
33, 34, 35, or 39 of Title 43 or any hospital, nursing home, home health agency,
institution, or medical facility licensed or defined under Chapter 7 of Title
31. The term shall also include any corporation, professional corporation,
partnership, limited liability company, limited liability partnership,
authority, or other entity comprised of such health care providers.
(7)
'Hospital' means a facility that has a valid permit or provisional permit issued
by the Department of Human Resources under Chapter 7 of Title 31.
(8)
'Insurer' means the authority or an insurance company or other entity authorized
to issue medical malpractice liability insurance pursuant to Title
33.
(9)
'Long_term care facility' means a nursing home, personal care home, or
intermediate care facility that is licensed or permitted under Title
31.
(10)
'Malpractice' means a tort or breach of contract based on health care or
professional services that were provided, or that should have been provided, by
a health care provider to a patient.
(11)
'Medical facility' means any institution or medical facility licensed as such
under Chapter 7 of Title 31.
(12)
'Patient' means an individual who receives or should have received health care
from a health care provider under a contract, express or implied, and includes a
person having a claim of any kind, whether derivative or otherwise, as a result
of alleged malpractice on the part of a health care provider. Derivative claims
include the claim of a parent or parents, guardian, trustee, child, relative,
attorney, or any other representative of the patient including claims for loss
of services, loss of consortium, expenses, and other similar
claims.
(13)
'Physician' means an individual with an unlimited license to practice medicine
under Article 2 of Chapter 34 of Title 43.
(14)
'Qualified provider' means a health care provider that is qualified under this
chapter by complying with the procedures set forth in Code Section
9_9A_3.
(15)
'Representative' means the spouse, parent, guardian, trustee, attorney, or other
legal agent of the patient.
(16)
'Risk' means a health care provider that must apply for malpractice liability
insurance coverage under Article 14 of this chapter.
(17)
'Risk manager' means an insurance company that is:
(A)
Authorized to issue medical malpractice liability insurance pursuant to Title
33; and
(B)
Appointed by the Commissioner to manage the authority.
ARTICLE
2
9_9A_3.
(a)
A health care provider who fails to qualify under this chapter is not covered by
this chapter and is subject to liability under the law without regard to this
chapter. If a health care provider does not qualify, a patient´s remedy is
not affected by this chapter.
(b)
For a health care provider to be qualified under this chapter, the health care
provider or the health care provider´s insurance carrier
shall:
(1)
Cause to be filed with the Commissioner proof of financial responsibility as
established under Code Section 9_9A_10; and
(2)
Pay the surcharge assessed on all health care providers pursuant to Article 4 of
this chapter.
(c)
The officers, agents, and employees of a health care provider, while acting in
the course and scope of their employment, may be qualified under this chapter if
the following conditions are met:
(1)
The officers, agents, and employees are individually named or are members of a
named class in the proof of financial responsibility filed by the health care
provider under Article 3 of this chapter.
(2)
The surcharge assessed pursuant to Article 4 of this chapter is
paid.
(d)
A claim against the state or a political subdivision of the state, or an
employee of the state or a political subdivision of the state, based on an
occurrence of malpractice is governed exclusively by this chapter if the
governmental entity or employee is qualified under this chapter.
9_9A_4.
(a)
Except as provided in subsection (b) of this Code section, the receipt of proof
of financial responsibility and the surcharge constitutes compliance with
subsection (b) of Code Section 9_9A_3:
(1)
As of the date on which they are received; or
(2)
As of the effective date of the policy
if
this proof is filed with and the surcharge paid to the department not later than
90 days after the effective date of the insurance policy.
(b)
If an insurer files proof of financial responsibility and makes payment of the
surcharge to the department at least 91 days but not more than 180 days after
the policy effective date, the health care provider is in compliance with
subsection (b) of Code Section 9_9A_3 if the insurer demonstrates to the
satisfaction of the Commissioner that the insurer:
(1)
Received the premium and surcharge in a timely manner; and
(2)
Erred in transmitting the surcharge in a timely manner.
(c)
If the Commissioner accepts a filing as timely under subsection (b) of this Code
section, the filing must, in addition to any penalties under Code Section
9_9A_22, be accompanied by a penalty amount as follows:
(1)
Ten percent of the surcharge, if the proof of financial responsibility and
surcharge are received by the Commissioner at least 91 days and not more than
120 days after the original effective date of the policy;
(2)
Twenty percent of the surcharge, if the proof of financial responsibility and
surcharge are received by the Commissioner at least 121 days and not more than
150 days after the original effective date of the policy; or
(3)
Fifty percent of the surcharge, if the proof of financial responsibility and
surcharge are received by the Commissioner at least 151 days and not more than
180 days after the original effective date of the policy.
9_9A_5.
Within
five business days after the department receives the information required under
subsection (b) of Code Section 9_9A_3 for the qualification of a health care
provider, the Commissioner shall notify the health care provider of the
following:
(1)
Whether the provider is qualified; and
(2)
If the provider is qualified, the date the provider becomes
qualified.
9_9A_6.
The
Commissioner shall promulgate rules to implement this chapter.
ARTICLE
3
9_9A_10.
Financial
responsibility of a health care provider and the provider´s officers,
agents, and employees while acting in the course and scope of their employment
with the health care provider may be established:
(1)
By the health care provider´s insurance carrier filing with the
Commissioner proof that the health care provider is insured by a policy of
malpractice liability insurance in the amount of at least $250,000.00 per
occurrence and $750,000.00 in the annual aggregate, except for the
following:
(A)
If the health care provider is a hospital, as defined in Code Section 9_9A_2,
the minimum annual aggregate insurance amount is as follows:
(i)
For hospitals of not more than 100 beds, $5,000,000.00; or
(ii)
For hospitals of more than 100 beds, $7,500,000.00;
(B)
If the health care provider is a health maintenance organization as defined in
Chapter 21 of Title 33, the minimum annual aggregate insurance amount is
$1,750,000.00; or
(C)
If the health care provider is a long_term care facility, the minimum annual
aggregate insurance amount is as follows:
(i)
For long_term care facilities with not more than 100 beds,
$750,000.00;
(ii)
For long_term care facilities with more than 100 beds,
$1,250,000.00;
(2)
By filing and maintaining with the Commissioner cash or a surety bond approved
by the Commissioner in the amounts set forth in paragraph (1) of this Code
section; or
(3)
If the health care provider is a hospital, by submitting annually a verified
financial statement that, in the discretion of the Commissioner, adequately
demonstrates that the current and future financial responsibility of the health
care provider is sufficient to satisfy all potential malpractice claims incurred
by the provider or the provider´s officers, agents, and employees while
acting in the course and scope of their employment up to a total of $250,000.00
per occurrence and annual aggregates as follows:
(A)
For hospitals of not more than 100 beds, $5,000,000.00; or
(B)
For hospitals of more than 100 beds, $7,500,000.00.
The
Commissioner may require the deposit of security to assure continued financial
responsibility.
9_9A_11.
Security
provided under paragraph (2) of Code Section 9_9A_10 may be held in any manner
mutually agreeable to the Commissioner and the health care provider. The
agreement must provide that the principal may not be withdrawn before receiving
the written permission of the Commissioner. However, any interest earned may be
withdrawn at any time by the health care provider.
9_9A_12.
To
establish financial responsibility under this article, each individual who is a
member of a partnership or professional corporation must establish financial
responsibility separate from the partnership or professional corporation as well
as pay the surcharge required under Code Section 9_9A_21. However, this Code
section does not require a health care provider to qualify under this
article.
ARTICLE
4
9_9A_20.
To
create a source of funding for the patient´s compensation fund, an annual
surcharge shall be levied on all health care providers in Georgia.
9_9A_21.
(a)
The actuarial program used or created by the department to determine the
actuarial risk posed to the patient compensation fund under Article 5 of this
chapter by a hospital must be:
(1)
Developed to calculate actuarial risk posed by a hospital, taking into
consideration risk management programs used by the hospital;
(2)
An efficient and accurate means of calculating a hospital´s malpractice
actuarial risk;
(3)
Publicly identified by the department by July 1 of each year; and
(4)
Made available to a hospital´s malpractice insurance carrier for purposes
of calculating the hospital´s surcharge under subsection (g) of this Code
section.
(b)
Except as provided in subsections (f) and (g) of this Code section, beginning
July 1, 2006, the amount of the annual surcharge shall be 100% of the cost to
each health care provider for maintenance of financial responsibility. Except
as provided in subsections (f) and (g) of this Code section, beginning July 1,
2008, the annual surcharge shall be set pursuant to rules adopted by the
Commissioner.
(c)
The amount of the surcharge shall be determined based upon actuarial principles
and actuarial studies and must be adequate for the payment of claims and
expenses from the patient´s compensation fund.
(d)
The surcharge for qualified providers other than physicians and hospitals may
not exceed the actuarial risk posed to the patient´s compensation fund
under Article 5 of this chapter by qualified providers other than physicians and
hospitals.
(e)
There is imposed a minimum annual surcharge of $100.00.
(f)
Notwithstanding subsections (b), (c), and (e) of this Code section, beginning
July 1, 2006, the surcharge for a qualified provider who is a physician is
calculated as follows:
(1)
The Commissioner shall contract with an actuary that has experience in
calculating the actuarial risks posed by physicians. Not later than July 1 of
each year, the actuary shall calculate the median of the premiums paid for
malpractice liability policies to the malpractice insurance carrier or carriers
in the state that have underwritten the most malpractice insurance policies for
all physicians practicing in the same specialty class in Georgia during the
previous 12 month period. In calculating the median, the actuary shall consider
the:
(A)
Manual rates of the leading malpractice insurance carrier or carriers in the
state; and
(B)
Aggregate credits or debits to the manual rates given during the previous 12
month period.
(2)
After making the calculation described in paragraph (1) of this subsection, the
actuary shall establish a uniform surcharge for all licensed physicians
practicing in the same specialty class. This surcharge must be based on a
percentage of the median calculated in paragraph (1) of this subsection for all
licensed physicians practicing in the same specialty class under rules adopted
by the Commissioner. The surcharge must be sufficient to cover and may not
exceed the actuarial risk posed to the patient compensation fund under Article 5
of this chapter by physicians practicing in the specialty class.
(g)
Beginning July 1, 2006, the surcharge for a hospital that establishes financial
responsibility under Code Section 9_9A_10 after June 30, 2006, shall be
established by the department through the use of an actuarial program. At the
time financial responsibility is established for the hospital, the hospital
shall pay the surcharge amount established for the hospital under this Code
section. The surcharge must be sufficient to cover and may not exceed the
actuarial risk posed to the patient compensation fund under Article 5 of this
chapter by the hospital.
(h)
An actuarial program used or developed under subsection (a) of this Code section
shall be treated as a public record and shall be subject to Article 4 of Chapter
18 of Title 50, relating to inspection of public records.
9_9A_22.
(a)
The surcharge shall be collected on the same basis as premiums by each insurer,
risk manager, or surplus lines producer.
(b)
The surcharge is due and payable within 30 days after the premium for
malpractice liability insurance has been received by the insurer, risk manager,
or surplus lines producer from a health care provider in Georgia. If a
surcharge is not paid as required by this Code section, the insurer, risk
manager, or surplus lines producer responsible for the delinquency is liable for
the surcharge plus a penalty equal to 10 percent of the amount of the
surcharge.
(c)
If the annual premium surcharge is not paid within the time limit specified in
subsection (b) of this Code section, the certificate of authority of the
insurer, risk manager, or surplus lines producer shall be suspended until the
annual premium surcharge is paid.
9_9A_23.
(a)
The Commissioner may adopt rules establishing the following:
(1)
The manner of determination of the surcharge for a health care provider that
establishes financial responsibility in a way other than by a policy of
malpractice liability insurance; and
(2)
The manner of payment of the surcharge by such health care
provider.
(b)
The surcharge calculation established under subsection (a) of this Code section
must provide comparability in rates for insured and self_insured hospitals.
This surcharge may not exceed the surcharge that would be charged by the
residual authority if the health care provider electing to establish financial
responsibility in this manner had applied to the residual authority for
insurance.
ARTICLE
5
9_9A_30.
(a)
The patient´s compensation fund is hereby created to be collected and
received by the Commissioner for exclusive use for the purposes stated in this
article.
(b)
The fund and any income from the fund shall be held in trust, deposited in a
segregated account, invested, and reinvested by the Commissioner as authorized
by Title 33 and does not become a part of the state general fund.
(c)
Proceeds of the annual surcharge levied on all health care providers in Georgia
under Article 4 of this chapter shall be deposited in the fund.
9_9A_31.
(a)
The Commissioner, using money from the patient´s compensation fund, as
considered necessary, appropriate, or desirable, may purchase or retain the
services of persons, firms, and corporations to aid in protecting the fund
against claims. The Commissioner shall utilize the services of the Attorney
General or retain the services of counsel described in subsection (b) of this
Code section to represent the department when a trial court determination will
be necessary to resolve a claim against the fund.
(b)
When retaining legal services under subsection (a) of this Code section, the
Commissioner shall retain competent and experienced legal counsel licensed to
practice law in Georgia to assist in litigation or other matters pertaining to
the fund.
(c)
The Commissioner shall have the sole authority for the following:
(1)
Making a decision regarding the settlement of a claim against the patient
compensation fund; and
(2)
Determining the reasonableness of any fee submitted to the department by an
attorney who defends the patient compensation fund under this Code
section.
(d)
All expenses of collecting, protecting, and administering the fund shall be paid
from the fund.
9_9A_132.
(a)
Claims for payment from the patient´s compensation fund that become final
during the first six months of the calendar year must be computed on June 30 and
must be paid not later than the following July 15. Claims for payment from the
fund that become final during the last six months of the calendar year must be
computed on December 31 and must be paid not later than the following January
15.
(b)
If the balance in the fund is insufficient to pay in full all claims that have
become final during a six_month period, the amount paid to each claimant must be
prorated. Any amount left unpaid as a result of the proration must be paid
before the payment of claims that become final during the following six_month
period.
9_9A_33.
The
state auditor shall issue a warrant in the amount of each claim submitted to the
auditor against the patient´s compensation fund on June 30 and December 31
of each year. The only claim against the fund shall be a voucher or other
appropriate request by the Commissioner after the Commissioner
receives:
(1)
A certified copy of a final judgment against a health care provider;
or
(2)
A certified copy of a court approved settlement against a health care
provider.
9_9A_34.
(a)
If an annual aggregate for a health care provider qualified under this chapter
has been paid by or on behalf of the health care provider, all amounts that may
subsequently become due and payable to a claimant arising out of an act of
malpractice of the health care provider occurring during the year in which the
annual aggregate was exhausted shall be paid from the patient´s
compensation fund under the following terms and conditions:
(1)
A health care provider whose annual aggregate has been exhausted has no right to
object to or refuse permission to settle such a claim; and
(2)
If a health care provider or the Commissioner and claimant agree on a
settlement, the following procedure must be followed:
(A)
A petition shall be filed by the claimant with the court in which the action is
pending against the health care provider or, if none is pending, in the Superior
Court of Fulton County, seeking approval of the agreed settlement;
(B)
A copy of the petition shall be served on the Commissioner and the health care
provider at least ten days before filing and must contain sufficient information
to inform the other parties about the nature of the claim and the amount of the
proposed settlement;
(C)
The Commissioner may agree to the settlement, or the Commissioner may file
written objections to the settlement. The agreement or objections shall be
filed within 20 days after the petition is filed;
(D)
The judge of the court in which the petition is filed shall set the petition for
approval or, if objections have been filed, for hearing, as soon as practicable.
The court shall give notice of the hearing to the claimant, the health care
provider, and the Commissioner;
(E)
At the hearing, the Commissioner, the claimant, and the health care provider may
introduce relevant evidence to enable the court to determine whether or not the
petition should be approved if the evidence is submitted on agreement without
objections. If the Commissioner and the claimant cannot agree on the amount, if
any, to be paid out of the patient´s compensation fund, the court shall
determine the amount for which the fund is liable and render a finding and
judgment accordingly. In approving a settlement or determining the amount, if
any, to be paid from the patient´s compensation fund, the court shall
consider the liability of the health care provider as admitted and established;
and
(F)
A settlement approved by the court may not be appealed. A judgment of the court
fixing damages recoverable in a contested proceeding is appealable under the
rules governing appeals in other civil cases tried by the court.
(b)
The Commissioner may adopt rules implementing this Code section.
9_9A_35.
The
following are exempt from Article 3 of Chapter 5 of Title 50, governing state
purchasing:
(1)
Technical contractual personnel and services retained by the Commissioner for
protecting and administering the patient´s compensation fund;
and
(2)
Purchasing of annuities for structuring settlements from the patient´s
compensation fund or in combination with the patient´s compensation fund
and the health care provider´s insurer.
ARTICLE
6
9_9A_40.
The
filing of a proposed complaint shall toll the applicable statute of limitations
to and including a period of 90 days following the receipt of the opinion of the
medical review panel by the claimant.
9_9A_41.
(a)
Except as provided in subsection (b) of this Code section, an action against a
health care provider may not be commenced in a court in Georgia
before:
(1)
The claimant´s proposed complaint has been presented to a medical review
panel established under Article 7 of this chapter; and
(2)
An opinion is given by that panel.
(b)(1)
A claimant may commence an action in court for malpractice without the
presentation of the claim to a medical review panel if the claimant and all
parties named as defendants in the action agree that the claim is not to be
presented to a medical review panel. The agreement must be in writing and must
be signed by each party or an authorized agent of the party. The claimant must
attach a copy of the agreement to the complaint filed with the court in which
the action is commenced.
(2)
A claimant may commence an action against a health care provider for malpractice
without submitting a proposed complaint to a medical review panel if the
claimant´s pleadings include a declaration that the patient seeks damages
from the health care provider in an amount not greater than $15,000.00. In an
action commenced under this paragraph, the claimant is barred from recovering
any amount greater than $15,000.00, unless the claimant subsequently learns,
during the pendency of the action, that the bodily injury is more serious than
previously believed and that $15,000.00 is insufficient compensation for the
bodily injury. In such a case, the claimant may move that the action be
dismissed without prejudice and, upon dismissal of the action, may file a
proposed complaint based upon the same allegations of malpractice as were
asserted in the action dismissed under this paragraph. In a second action
commenced in court following the medical review panel´s proceeding on the
proposed complaint, the patient may recover an amount greater than
$15,000.00.
9_9A_42.
Within
ten days after receiving a proposed complaint under Code Section 9_11_8, the
Commissioner shall forward a copy of the complaint by registered or certified
mail to each health care provider named as a defendant at the defendant´s
last and usual place of residence or the defendant´s office.
9_9A_43.
A
medical liability insurer of a health care provider against whom an action has
been filed under Code Section 9_11_8 shall provide written notice of the action
to the Commissioner within 30 days after:
(1)
The filing of the action; and
(2)
The final disposition of the action.
9_9A_44.
(a)
A health care provider´s insurer shall notify the Commissioner of any
malpractice case upon which the insurer has placed a reserve of at least
$125,000.00. The insurer shall give notice to the Commissioner under this
subsection immediately after placing the reserve. The notice and all
communications and correspondence relating to the notice are confidential and
shall not be subject to Article 4 of Chapter 18 of Title 50, relating to
inspection of public records.
(b)
All malpractice claims settled or adjudicated to final judgment against a health
care provider shall be reported to the Commissioner by the plaintiff´s
attorney and by the health care provider or the health care provider´s
insurer or risk manager within 60 days following final disposition of the claim.
The report to the Commissioner must state the following:
(1)
The nature of the claim;
(2)
The damages asserted and the alleged injury;
(3)
The attorney´s fees and expenses incurred in connection with the claim or
defense; and
(4)
The amount of the settlement or judgment.
9_9A_45.
(a)
At the time that it renders its opinion under Code Section 9_9A_71, the medical
review panel as described in Article 7 of this chapter shall make a separate
determination as to whether the name of the defendant health care provider
should be forwarded to the appropriate board of professional registration for
review of the health care provider´s fitness to practice the health care
provider´s profession. The Commissioner shall forward the name of the
defendant health care provider if the medical review panel unanimously
determines that it should be forwarded. The medical review panel determination
concerning the forwarding of the name of the defendant health care provider is
not admissible as evidence in a civil action. In each case involving review of
a health care provider´s fitness to practice forwarded under this Code
section, the appropriate board of professional registration and examination may,
in appropriate cases, take the following disciplinary action:
(1)
Censure;
(2)
Imposition of probation for a determinate period;
(3)
Suspension of the health care provider´s license for a determinate period;
or
(4)
Revocation of the license.
(b)
The appropriate board of professional registration and examination shall report
to the Commissioner the board´s findings, the action taken, and the final
disposition of each case involving review of a health care provider´s
fitness to practice forwarded under this Code section.
ARTICLE
7
9_9A_50.
This
article provides for the establishment of medical review panels to review
proposed malpractice complaints against health care providers covered by this
chapter.
9_9A_51.
Not
earlier than 20 days after the filing of a proposed complaint, either party may
request the formation of a medical review panel by serving a request by
registered or certified mail upon all parties and the Commissioner.
9_9A_52.
(a)
A medical review panel shall consist of one attorney and three health care
providers.
(b)
The attorney member of the medical review panel shall act as chairperson of the
panel and in an advisory capacity but may not vote.
(c)
The chairperson of the medical review panel shall expedite the selection of the
other panel members, convene the panel, and expedite the panel´s review of
the proposed complaint. The chairperson may establish a reasonable schedule for
submission of evidence to the medical review panel but must allow sufficient
time for the parties to make full and adequate presentation of related facts and
authorities.
9_9A_53.
(a)
Within 15 days after the filing of a request for formation of a medical review
panel under Code Section 9_9A_51, the parties shall select a panel chairperson
by agreement.
(b)
If no agreement on a panel chairperson can be reached, and after the payment of
a $25.00 fee, either party may request the clerk of the Supreme Court to draw at
random a list of five names of attorneys who are qualified to practice law in
this state; are presently on the rolls of the Supreme Court; and maintain
offices in the county of venue designated in the proposed complaint or in a
contiguous county. The chairperson shall be selected in the following
manner:
(1)
The clerk shall notify the parties, and the parties shall then strike names
alternately with the plaintiff striking first until one name remains. The
remaining attorney shall be the chairperson of the panel. After the striking,
the plaintiff shall notify the chairperson and all other parties of the name of
the chairperson; or
(2)(A)
If a party does not strike a name within five days after receiving notice from
the clerk, the opposing party shall, in writing, request the clerk to strike for
the party; and the clerk shall strike for that party; and
(B)
When one name remains, the clerk shall within five days notify the chairperson
and all other parties of the name of the chairperson.
(c)
Within 15 days after being notified by the clerk of being selected as
chairperson, the chairperson shall:
(1)
Send a written acknowledgment of appointment to the clerk; or
(2)
Show good cause for relief from serving as provided in Code Section
9_9A_61.
9_9A_54.
Except
for health care providers who are long_term care facility administrators, all
health care providers in Georgia, whether in the teaching profession or
otherwise, who hold a license to practice in their profession shall be available
for selection as members of a medical review panel. Long_term care facility
administrators may not be members of a medical review panel.
9_9A_55.
Each
party to the action has the right to select one health care provider, and upon
selection, the two health care providers thus selected shall select the third
panel member of the medical review panel.
9_9A_56.
If
there are multiple plaintiffs or defendants, only one health care provider shall
be selected per side. The plaintiff, whether single or multiple, has the right
to select one health care provider and the defendant, whether single or
multiple, has the right to select one health care provider.
9_9A_57.
If
there is only one party defendant who is an individual, two of the panel members
selected must be members of the profession or specialty class of which the
defendant is a member. If the individual defendant is a health care
professional who specializes in a limited area, two of the panel members
selected must be health care professionals who specialize in the same area as
the defendant.
9_9A_58.
Within
15 days after the chairperson of a medical review panel is selected, both
parties shall select a health care provider and the parties shall notify the
other party and the chairperson of their selections. If a party fails to make a
selection within 15 days, the chairperson shall make the selection and notify
both parties. Within 15 days after their selection, the health care provider
members shall select the third member and notify the chairperson and the
parties. If the providers fail to make a selection, the chairperson shall make
the selection and notify both parties.
9_9A_59.
Within
ten days after the selection of a medical review panel member, written challenge
without cause may be made to the panel member. Upon challenge or excuse, the
party whose appointee was challenged or dismissed shall select another panel
member. If the challenged or dismissed panel member was selected by the other
two panel members, the panel members shall make a new selection. If two such
challenges are made and submitted, the chairperson shall within ten days appoint
a panel consisting of three qualified panel members and each side shall, within
ten days after the appointment, strike one panel member. The party whose
appointment was challenged shall strike last, and the remaining member shall
serve.
9_9A_60.
When
a medical review panel is formed, the chairperson shall within five days notify
the Commissioner and the parties by registered or certified mail of the
following:
(1)
The names and addresses of the panel members; and
(2)
The date on which the last member was selected.
9_9A_61.
(a)
A member of a medical review panel who is selected under this article shall
serve unless:
(1)
The parties by agreement excuse the panel member; or
(2)
The panelist is excused as provided in this Code section for good cause
shown.
(b)
To show good cause for relief from serving, the attorney selected as chairperson
of a medical review panel must serve an affidavit upon the clerk of the Supreme
Court. The affidavit must set out the facts showing that service would
constitute an unreasonable burden or undue hardship. The clerk may excuse the
attorney from serving. The attorney shall notify all parties, who shall then
select a new chairperson as provided in Code Section 9_9A_53.
(c)
To show good cause for relief from serving, a health care provider member of a
medical review panel must serve an affidavit upon the panel chairperson. The
affidavit must set out the facts showing that service would constitute an
unreasonable burden or undue hardship. The chairperson may excuse the member
from serving and notify all parties. A new panel member shall be selected as
provided in Code Sections 9_9A_55 and 9_9A_58.
9_9A_62.
(a)
The medical review panel shall give its expert opinion within 180 days after the
selection of the last member of the initial panel. However, the panel has 90
days after the selection of a new member to give an expert opinion
if:
(1)
The chairperson of the panel is removed under Code Section 9_9A_64, another
member of the panel is removed under Code Section 9_9A_65, or any member of the
panel, including the chairperson, is removed by a court order; and
(2)
A new member is selected to replace the removed member more than 90 days after
the last member of the initial panel is selected.
(b)
If the panel has not given an opinion within the time allowed under subsection
(a) of this Code section, the panel shall submit a report to the Commissioner,
stating the reasons for the delay.
9_9A_63.
A
party, attorney, or panel member who fails to act as required by this article
without good cause shown is subject to mandate or appropriate sanctions upon
application to the court designated in the proposed complaint as having
jurisdiction.
9_9A_64.
(a)
The Commissioner may remove the chairperson of the panel if the Commissioner
determines that the chairperson is not fulfilling the duties imposed upon the
chairperson by this article.
(b)
If the chairperson is removed under this Code section, a new chairperson shall
be selected as provided in Code Section 9_9A_53.
9_9A_65.
(a)
The chairperson may remove a member of the panel if the chairperson determines
that the member is not fulfilling the duties imposed upon the panel members by
this article.
(b)
If a member is removed under this Code section, a new member shall be selected
as provided in Code Sections 9_9A_55 and 9_9A_58.
9_9A_66.
(a)
The evidence in written form to be considered by the medical review panel shall
be promptly submitted by the respective parties.
(b)
The evidence may consist of medical charts, X_rays, lab tests, excerpts of
treatises, depositions of witnesses including parties, and any other form of
evidence allowable by the medical review panel.
(c)
Depositions of parties and witnesses may be taken before the convening of the
panel.
(d)
The chairperson shall ensure that before the panel gives its expert opinion
under Code Section 9_9A_71, each panel member has the opportunity to review
every item of evidence submitted by the parties.
(e)
Before considering any evidence or deliberating with other panel members, each
member of the medical review panel shall take an oath in writing on a form
provided by the panel chairperson, which must read as follows:
'I
(swear) (affirm) under penalties of perjury that I will well and truly consider
the evidence submitted by the parties; that I will render my opinion without
bias, based upon the evidence submitted by the parties; and that I have not and
will not communicate with any party or representative of a party before
rendering my opinion, except as authorized by law.'
9_9A_67.
Neither
a party, a party´s agent, a party´s attorney, nor a party´s
insurance carrier may communicate with any member of the panel, except as
authorized by law, before the giving of the panel´s expert opinion under
Code Section 9_9A_71.
9_9A_68.
The
chairperson of the panel shall advise the panel relative to any legal question
involved in the review proceeding and shall prepare the opinion of the panel as
provided in Code Section 9_9A_71.
9_9A_69.
(a)
Either party, after submission of all evidence and upon ten days´ notice to
the other side, has the right to convene the panel at a time and place agreeable
to the members of the panel. Either party may question the panel concerning any
matters relevant to issues to be decided by the panel before the issuance of the
panel´s report.
(b)
The chairperson of the panel shall preside at all meetings. Meetings shall be
informal.
9_9A_70.
(a)
The panel has the right and duty to request all necessary
information.
(b)
The panel may consult with medical authorities.
(c)
The panel may examine reports of other health care providers necessary to fully
inform the panel regarding the issue to be decided.
(d)
Both parties shall have full access to any material submitted to the
panel.
9_9A_71.
(a)
The panel has the sole duty to express the panel´s expert opinion as to
whether or not the evidence supports the conclusion that the defendant or
defendants acted or failed to act within the appropriate standards of care as
charged in the complaint.
(b)
After reviewing all evidence and after any examination of the panel by counsel
representing either party, the panel shall, within 30 days, give one or more of
the following expert opinions, which must be in writing and signed by the panel
members:
(1)
The evidence supports the conclusion that the defendant or defendants failed to
comply with the appropriate standard of care as charged in the
complaint;
(2)
The evidence does not support the conclusion that the defendant or defendants
failed to meet the applicable standard of care as charged in the
complaint;
(3)
There is a material issue of fact, not requiring expert opinion, bearing on
liability for consideration by the court or jury; or
(4)
The conduct complained of was or was not a factor of the resultant damages. If
so, whether the plaintiff suffered:
(A)
Any disability and the extent and duration of the disability; and
(B)
Any permanent impairment and the percentage of the impairment.
9_9A_72.
A
report of the expert opinion reached by the medical review panel is admissible
as evidence in any action subsequently brought by the claimant in a court of
law. However, the expert opinion is not conclusive, and either party, at the
party´s cost, has the right to call any member of the medical review panel
as a witness. If called, that panel member shall appear and
testify.
9_9A_73.
A
panel member has absolute immunity from civil liability for all communications,
findings, opinions, and conclusions made in the course and scope of duties
prescribed by this chapter.
9_9A_74.
(a)
Each health care provider member of the medical review panel is entitled to be
paid:
(1)
Up to $350.00 for all work performed as a member of the panel, exclusive of time
involved if called as a witness to testify in court; and
(2)
Reasonable travel expenses.
(b)
The chairperson of the panel is entitled to be paid:
(1)
At the rate of $250.00 per diem, not to exceed $2,000.00; and
(2)
Reasonable travel expenses.
(c)
The chairperson shall keep an accurate record of the time and expenses of all
the members of the panel. The record shall be submitted to the parties for
payment with the panel´s report.
(d)
Fees of the panel, including travel expenses and other expenses of the review,
shall be paid by the side in whose favor the majority opinion is written. If
there is no majority opinion, each side shall pay 50 percent of the
cost.
9_9A_75.
The
chairperson of the medical review panel shall submit by registered or certified
mail within 5 days after the panel gives its opinion a copy of the panel´s
report to the Commissioner and all parties and attorneys.
ARTICLE
8
9_9A_80.
(a)
A court having jurisdiction over the subject matter and the parties to a
proposed complaint filed with the Commissioner under this article may, upon the
filing of a copy of the proposed complaint and a written motion under this
article, do one or both of the following:
(1)
Preliminarily determine an affirmative defense or issue of law or fact that may
be preliminarily determined under Chapter 11 of Title 9, the 'Georgia Civil
Practice Act'; or
(2)
Compel discovery in accordance with Chapter 11 of Title 9, the 'Georgia Civil
Practice Act.'
(b)
The court has no jurisdiction to rule preliminarily upon any affirmative defense
or issue of law or fact reserved for written opinion by the medical review panel
under Code Section 9_9A_71.
(c)
The court has jurisdiction to entertain a motion filed under this article only
during that time after a proposed complaint is filed with the Commissioner under
this article but before the medical review panel gives the panel´s written
opinion under Code Section 9_9A_71.
(d)
The failure of any party to move for a preliminary determination or to compel
discovery under this article before the medical review panel gives the
panel´s written opinion under Code Section 9_9A_71 does not constitute the
waiver of any affirmative defense or issue of law or fact.
9_9A_81.
(a)
A party to a proceeding commenced under this chapter, the Commissioner, or the
chairperson of a medical review panel, if any, may invoke the jurisdiction of
the court by paying the statutory filing fee to the clerk and filing a copy of
the proposed complaint and motion with the clerk.
(b)
The filing of a copy of the proposed complaint and motion with the clerk confers
jurisdiction upon the court over the subject matter and the parties to the
proceeding for the limited purposes stated in this article, including the
taxation and assessment of costs or the allowance of expenses, including
reasonable attorney´s fees, or both.
(c)
The moving party or the moving party´s attorney shall cause as many
summonses as are necessary to be issued by the clerk and served on the
Commissioner, each nonmoving party to the proceedings, and the chairperson of
the medical review panel, if any, unless the Commissioner or the chairperson is
the moving party, together with a copy of the proposed complaint and a copy of
the motion.
9_9A_82.
(a)
Each nonmoving party to the proceeding, including the Commissioner and the
chairperson of the medical review panel, if any, shall have a period of 20 days
after service, or a period of 23 days after service if service is by mail, to
appear and file and serve a written response to the motion, unless the court,
for cause shown, orders the period extended.
(b)
The court shall enter a ruling on the motion:
(1)
Within 30 days after the motion is heard; or
(2)
If no hearing is requested, granted, or ordered, within 30 days after the date
on which the last written response to the motion is filed.
(c)
The court shall order the clerk to serve a copy of the court´s ruling on
the motion by first_class mail on the Commissioner, each party to the
proceeding, and the chairperson of the medical review panel, if
any.
9_9A_83.
Upon
the filing of a copy of the proposed complaint and motion with the clerk of the
court, all further proceedings before the medical review panel shall be stayed
automatically until the court has entered a ruling on the motion.
9_9A_84.
The
court may enforce its ruling on any motion filed under this chapter in
accordance with Chapter 11 of Title 9, the 'Georgia Civil Practice Act,' subject
to the right of appeal.
ARTICLE
9
9_9A_90.
Liability
may not be imposed on a health care provider on the basis of an alleged breach
of contract, express or implied, assuring results to be obtained from any
procedure undertaken in the course of health care unless the contract is in
writing and signed by that health care provider or by an authorized agent of the
health care provider.
9_9A_91.
A rebuttable presumption is created that the consent is an informed consent if
a patient´s written consent is:
(1)
Signed by the patient or the patient´s authorized
representative;
(2)
Witnessed by an individual at least 18 years of age; and
(3)
Explained, orally or in the written consent, to the patient or the
patient´s authorized representative before a treatment, procedure,
examination, or test is undertaken.
9_9A_92.
The
explanation given in accordance with Code Section 9_9A_91 must include the
following information:
(1)
The general nature of the patient´s condition;
(2)
The proposed treatment, procedure, examination, or test;
(3)
The expected outcome of the treatment, procedure, examination, or
test;
(4)
The material risks of the treatment, procedure, examination, or test;
and
(5)
The reasonable alternatives to the treatment, procedure, examination, or
test.
9_9A_93.
(a)
This article does not relieve a qualified health care provider of the duty to
obtain an informed consent.
(b)
This article does not prevent a patient, after having signed a consent, from
withdrawing that consent.
(c)
This article does not require that a patient´s consent or the information
described under Code Section 9_9A_91 be in writing in all cases.
(d)
Compliance with this article is not required to create an informed
consent.
(e)
A patient may refuse to receive some or all of the information described in Code
Section 9_9A_91.
(f)
Code Sections 9_9A_90 and 9_9A_91 do not apply to a person who is mentally
incapable of understanding the information required to be provided by Code
Section 9_9A_91. This Code section does not require consent to health care in
an emergency.
ARTICLE
10
9_9A_100.
Only
while malpractice liability insurance remains in force are the health care
provider and the health care provider´s insurer liable to a patient or the
patient´s representative for malpractice to the extent and in the manner
specified in this chapter.
9_9A_101.
The
filing of proof of financial responsibility with the Commissioner constitutes,
on the part of the insurer, a conclusive and unqualified acceptance of this
chapter.
9_9A_102.
A
provision in a policy attempting to limit or modify the liability of the insurer
contrary to this chapter is void.
9_9A_103.
Every
policy issued under this chapter is considered to include the following
provisions and any change made by general law as fully as if the change were
written in the policy:
(1)
The insurer assumes all obligations to pay an award imposed against its insured
under this chapter;
(2)
A termination of any policy by cancellation initiated by the insurance company
is not effective for patients claiming against the insured covered by the
policy, unless at least 30 days before the taking effect of the cancellation, a
written notice giving the date upon which termination becomes effective has been
received by the insured and the Commissioner at their respective offices;
and
(3)
A termination of any policy by cancellation initiated by the insured is not
effective for patients claiming against the insured covered by the policy,
unless at least 30 days before the taking effect of the cancellation, a written
notice giving the date upon which termination becomes effective has been
received by the Commissioner.
9_9A_104.
If
an insurer fails or refuses to pay a final judgment, except during the pendency
of an appeal, or fails or refuses to comply with this chapter, in addition to
any other legal remedy, the Commissioner may also revoke the approval of the
insurer´s policy form until the insurer pays the award or judgment or has
complied with the violated provisions of this chapter and has resubmitted its
policy form and received the approval of the Commissioner.
ARTICLE
11
9_9A_110.
As
used in this article, 'cost of the periodic payments agreement' means the amount
expended by the health care provider or its insurer, the Commissioner, or the
Commissioner and the health care provider or its insurer, at the time the
periodic payments agreement is made, to obtain the commitment from a third party
to make available money for use as future payment, the total of which may exceed
the limits provided in Code Section 9_9A_112.
9_9A_111.
As
used in this article, 'periodic payments agreement' means a contract between a
health care provider or its insurer and the patient or the patient´s estate
under which the health care provider is relieved from possible liability in
consideration of:
(1)
A present payment of money to the patient or the patient´s estate;
and
(2)
One or more payments to the patient or the patient´s estate in the future;
whether or not some or all of the payments are contingent upon the
patient´s survival to the proposed date of payment.
9_9A_112.
(a)
The total amount recoverable for an injury or death of a patient may not exceed
$750,000.00 for an act of malpractice that occurs after June 30,
2005.
(b)
A health care provider qualified under this chapter is not liable for an amount
in excess of $250,000.00 for an occurrence of malpractice.
(c)
Any amount due from a judgment or settlement that is in excess of the total
liability of all liable health care providers, subject to subsections (a), (b),
and (d) of this Code section, shall be paid from the patient´s compensation
fund under Code Section 9_9A_120.
(d)
If a health care provider qualified under this chapter admits liability or is
adjudicated liable solely by reason of the conduct of another health care
provider who is an officer, agent, or employee of the health care provider
acting in the course and scope of employment and qualified under this chapter,
the total amount that shall be paid to the claimant on behalf of the officer,
agent, or employee and the health care provider by the health care provider or
its insurer is $250,000.00. The balance of an adjudicated amount to which the
claimant is entitled shall be paid by other liable health care providers or the
patient´s compensation fund, or both.
9_9A_113.
(a)
If the possible liability of the health care provider to the patient is
discharged solely through an immediate payment, the limitations on recovery from
a health care provider stated in subsections (b) and (d) of Code Section
9_9A_112 shall apply without adjustment.
(b)
If the health care provider agrees to discharge its possible liability to the
patient through a periodic payments agreement, the amount of the patient´s
recovery from a health care provider in a case under this subsection is the
amount of any immediate payment made by the health care provider or the health
care provider´s insurer to the patient, plus the cost of the periodic
payments agreement to the health care provider or the health care
provider´s insurer. For the purpose of determining the limitations on
recovery stated in subsections (b) and (d) of Code Section 9_9A_112 and for
the purpose of determining the question under Code Section 9_9A_122 of whether
the health care provider or the health care provider´s insurer has agreed
to settle its liability by payment of its policy limits, the sum of the
following must exceed $187,000.00:
(1)
The present payment of money to the patient or the patient´s estate by the
health care provider or the health care provider´s insurer; and
(2)
The cost of the periodic payments agreement expended by the health care provider
or the health care provider´s insurer.
(c)
More than one health care provider may contribute to the cost of a periodic
payments agreement, and in such an instance the sum of the amounts expended by
each health care provider for immediate payments and for the cost of the
periodic payments agreement shall be used to determine whether the $187,000.00
requirement in subsection (b) of this Code section has been satisfied. However,
one health care provider or its insurer must be liable for at least
$50,000.00.
9_9A_114.
(a)
If the possible liability of the patient´s compensation fund to the patient
is discharged solely through a direct payment made under Code Section 9_9A_120,
the limitations on recovery from the patient´s compensation fund
established under Code Section 9_9A_112 apply without adjustment.
(b)
If an agreement is made to discharge the fund´s possible liability to the
patient through a periodic payments agreement, and for the purposes of the
limitations on recovery from the fund established under Code Section 9_9A_112,
the amount of the patient´s recovery from the fund is:
(1)
The amount of any immediate payment made directly to the patient from the fund;
and
(2)
The cost of the periodic payments agreement paid by the Commissioner on behalf
of the fund.
ARTICLE
12
9_9A_120.
(a)
The obligation to pay an amount from the patient´s compensation fund under
Code Sections 9_9A_34, 9_9A_112, or 9_9A_122 may be discharged as
follows:
(1)
Payment in one lump amount;
(2)
An agreement requiring periodic payments from the fund over a period of
years;
(3)
The purchase of an annuity payable to the patient; or
(4)
Any combination of paragraphs (1), (2), and (3) of this subsection.
(b)
The Commissioner may contract with approved insurers to insure the ability of
the fund to make periodic payments under paragraph (2) of subsection (a) of this
Code section.
9_9A_121.
Notwithstanding
Article 5 of this chapter, the Commissioner may:
(1)
Discharge the possible liability of the patient´s compensation fund to a
patient through a periodic payments agreement as defined in Code Section
9_9A_111; and
(2)
Combine money from the fund with money of the health care provider or its
insurer to pay the cost of the periodic payments agreement with the patient or
the patient´s estate. However, the amount provided by the Commissioner may
not exceed 80 percent of the total amount expended for the
agreement.
9_9A_122.
If
a health care provider or its insurer has agreed to settle its liability on a
claim by payment of its policy limits of $250,000.00, and the claimant is
demanding an amount in excess of that amount, the following procedure must be
followed:
(1)
A petition shall be filed by the claimant in the court named in the proposed
complaint, or in the Superior Court of Fulton County, at the claimant´s
election, seeking:
(A)
Approval of an agreed settlement, if any; or
(B)
Demanding payment of damages from the patient´s compensation
fund.
(2)
A copy of the petition with summons shall be served on the Commissioner, the
health care provider, and the health care provider´s insurer and must
contain sufficient information to inform the other parties about the nature of
the claim and the additional amount demanded.
(3)
The Commissioner and either the health care provider or the insurer of the
health care provider may agree to a settlement with the claimant from the
patient´s compensation fund, or the Commissioner, the health care provider,
or the insurer of the health care provider may file written objections to the
payment of the amount demanded. The agreement or objections to the payment
demanded shall be filed within 20 days after service of summons with copy of the
petition attached to the summons.
(4)
The judge of the court in which the petition is filed shall set the petition for
approval or, if objections have been filed, for hearing, as soon as practicable.
The court shall give notice of the hearing to the claimant, the health care
provider, the insurer of the health care provider, and the Commissioner.
(5)
At the hearing, the Commissioner, the claimant, the health care provider, and
the insurer of the health care provider may introduce relevant evidence to
enable the court to determine whether or not the petition should be approved if
the evidence is submitted on agreement without objections. If the Commissioner,
the health care provider, the insurer of the health care provider, and the
claimant cannot agree on the amount, if any, to be paid out of the
patient´s compensation fund, the court shall, after hearing any relevant
evidence on the issue of claimant´s damage submitted by any of the parties
described in this Code section, determine the amount of claimant´s damages,
if any, in excess of the $250,000.00 already paid by the insurer of the health
care provider. The court shall determine the amount for which the fund is
liable and make a finding and judgment accordingly. In approving a settlement
or determining the amount, if any, to be paid from the patient´s
compensation fund, the court shall consider the liability of the health care
provider as admitted and established.
(6)
A settlement approved by the court may not be appealed. A judgment of the court
fixing damages recoverable in a contested proceeding is appealable pursuant to
the rules governing appeals in any other civil case tried by the
court.
(7)
A release executed between the parties does not bar access to the patient´s
compensation fund unless the release specifically provides
otherwise.
9_9A_123.
If
a health care provider or the health care provider´s surety or liability
insurance carrier fails to pay any agreed settlement or final judgment within 90
days, the agreed settlement or final judgment shall be paid from the
patient´s compensation fund, and the fund shall be subrogated to any and
all of claimant´s rights against the health care provider, the health care
provider´s surety or liability insurance carrier, or both, with interest,
reasonable costs, and attorney´s fees.
ARTICLE
13
9_9A_130.
Except
as provided in Code Section 9_9A_122, any advance payment made by the defendant
health care provider or the health care provider´s insurer to or for the
plaintiff or any other person may not be construed as an admission of liability
for injuries or damages suffered by the plaintiff or anyone else in an action
brought for medical malpractice.
9_9A_131.
(a)
Evidence of an advance payment is not admissible until there is a final judgment
in favor of the plaintiff. In this case the court shall reduce the judgment to
the plaintiff to the extent of the advance payment. The advance payment inures
to the exclusive benefit of the defendant or the defendant´s insurer making
the payment.
(b)
If the advance payment exceeds the liability of the defendant or the insurer
making the advance payment, the court shall order any adjustment necessary to
equalize the amount that each defendant is obligated to pay, exclusive of costs.
An advance payment in excess of an award is not repayable by the person
receiving the advance payment.
9_9A_132.
A
patient´s claim for compensation under this chapter is not
assignable.
ARTICLE
14
9_9A_140.
The
purpose of this article is to make malpractice liability insurance available to
risks as defined in Code Section 9_9A_2.
9_9A_141.
(a)
The residual malpractice insurance authority is hereby created.
(b)
The Insurance Department is designated as the residual malpractice insurance
authority for the purposes of this article.
(c)
The authority is authorized to issue medical malpractice liability insurance in
accordance with Title 33.
9_9A_142.
The
Commissioner shall appoint a risk manager for the authority. The separate,
personal, or independent assets of the risk manager are not liable for or
subject to use or expenditure for the purpose of providing insurance by the
authority.
9_9A_143.
In
the administration and provision for malpractice liability insurance by the
authority, the risk manager shall do the following:
(1)
Obey all Georgia statutes and rules that apply to insurance pursuant to Title
33;
(2)
Prepare and file appropriate forms with the department;
(3)
Prepare and file premium rates with the department;
(4)
Perform the underwriting function;
(5)
Dispose of all claims and litigations arising out of insurance
policies;
(6)
Maintain adequate books and records;
(7)
File an annual financial statement regarding the authority´s operations
under this chapter with the department on forms prescribed by the
Commissioner;
(8)
Obtain private reinsurance for the authority, if necessary;
(9)
Prepare and file for approval of the Commissioner a schedule of agent´s
compensation; and
(10)
Prepare and file a plan of operations with the Commissioner for
approval.
9_9A_144.
The
risk manager shall receive, as compensation for services, a percentage of all
premiums received by the risk manager under this chapter, as determined by the
Commissioner. The rate of compensation may be adjusted by the
Commissioner.
9_9A_145.
If
a risk, after diligent effort, has been declined by at least two insurers, the
risk may forward an application to the risk manager, together with evidence of
the two declinations.
9_9A_146.
If
the risk manager declines to accept the risk, notice of declination, together
with the reasons, shall be sent to the applicant and the Commissioner. The
applicant has ten days after the date of notice to file an appeal for review by
the Commissioner. On appeal, the Commissioner shall review the decision of the
risk manager and enter an appropriate order.
9_9A_147.
All
money appropriated by the state and any surplus of premiums over losses and
expenses received by the authority shall be placed in a segregated fund and
shall be invested and reinvested by the Commissioner within any limitations set
forth in Title 33. Investment income generated shall remain in the segregated
fund.
ARTICLE
15
9_9A_150.
When
a plaintiff is represented by an attorney in the prosecution of the
plaintiff´s claim, the plaintiff´s attorney´s fees from any award
made from the patient´s compensation fund may not exceed 15 percent of any
recovery from the fund.
9_9A_151.
A
patient has the right to elect to pay for the attorney´s services on a
mutually satisfactory per diem basis. The election, however, must be exercised
in written form at the time of
employment."
SECTION
2.
This
Act shall become effective July 1, 2005, only if Senate Bill 3 (LC 14 8923), in
substantially the same form as introduced, or a similar bill is enacted by the
General Assembly in the 2005 regular session and signed by the Governor with
respect to limitations on noneconomic damages of $250,000.00 against one or more
health care providers or a single medical facility in certain actions relating
to health care.
SECTION
3.
All
laws and parts of laws in conflict with this Act are repealed.
